Gentleman Theologian -

The Objective Sufficiency of the Atonement

By M.Ferris | April 12, 2025April 12, 2025 by M.Ferris

Discussions on the extent of the atonement frequently confuse atonement acquired with atonement applied. One sees this in statements such as “Everyone limits the atonement.” The thought behind this is that, unless one believes in universalism, then atonement only comes to those who believe. This is true, but it dodges the issue. The issue is whether an atonement even exists for someone. The definite atonement position says that atonement exists if one believes. Note: Not…

A Presbyter is not a Priest

By M.Ferris | July 8, 2024July 8, 2024 by M.Ferris

In church traditions that have a clerical, distinct priesthood, it is common to find the claim that a priest is a presbyter. That is, that when we read in the New Testament about the qualifications for presbyters—elders—we are really reading about priests. Paul tells Titus to appoint πρεσβυτέρους (elders) in every town. What follows are the qualifications for the man, a list that is very much like what we read in 1 Timothy 3, where…

What Must I Know to be Saved?

By M.Ferris | February 15, 2024February 15, 2024 by M.Ferris

Quite frequently one finds online debates about what is going on in the salvation of sinners. These debates are not what it means to be saved, or how one is saved. Rather, they have to do with the mechanics of salvation, what is happening behind the scenes, an d often, before someone’s conversion. Sometimes these things are cast as an ordo salutis—an “order of salvation.” Does regeneration precede faith? What is the nature of election?…

The Marian Dogmas and the Faith Once Delivered

By M.Ferris | July 17, 2023July 18, 2023 by M.Ferris

For both Roman Catholics and the Eastern Orthodox, Mary occupies a significant place in devotional life. (Other sacramental traditions may honor her to lesser degrees, but more so than Protestants.) Protestants have been reluctant to afford her this same devotion for several reasons. Above all, the New Testament does not place the emphasis on her that approaches anything near what has developed in history. Secondly, such devotion detracts from the uniqueness of Christ as the…

Is the Church Necessary for Salvation?

By M.Ferris | June 6, 2023June 6, 2023 by M.Ferris

The church is an organism, not an organization. Ecclesiology is one of the more contested topics in theology. One can see this from the various polities that prevail. Episcopal, presbyterian, congregational all conceive of the church in a slightly different way. But even more basic than this is the idea of the church as an organization, an institution, and one that stands as the dispenser of grace to believers. The Roman Catholic Church, the Orthodox…

A Pardon Refused: The Double Payment Argument and Definite Atonement

By M.Ferris | April 23, 2023April 25, 2023 by M.Ferris

One of the perennial arguments in favor of definite atonement (that Jesus did not die except for a subset of humanity) is that if Jesus paid for the sins of all humanity, then it is logically impossible for those same people to suffer condemnation, or that it would be unjust to exact the same penalty twice. If some suffer condemnation and hell, how could it be possible for someone whose debt of sin has been…

What does “Deep in History” Really Mean?

By M.Ferris | March 1, 2023March 1, 2023 by M.Ferris

Cardinal John Henry Newman famously said “To be deep in history is to cease to be Protestant.”[1] Newman seemed to refer to the institutional church and the rites and sacraments that came to prevail. Many apologists for high sacramentalism have offered similar arguments. What we see in history is not what “free churches” manifest. We see priests, bishops, archbishops, and the church occupying a central role in the Christian life. Along with this, the church…

Hello… NEWMAN. The Proper Assessment of Church History

By M.Ferris | November 25, 2022 by M.Ferris

John Henry Newman was a British churchman, a sometime member of the Oxford Tractarian movement. The movement was an attempt at course correction in the Anglican church at a time when it was moving left. They saw a recovery of tradition and traditionalism in worship as the way forward. Newman was one who didn’t stop there, however, but went on to join the Roman Catholic Church, and was eventually named a cardinal. Newman’s intellect and…

The Case Against Christian Nationalism

By M.Ferris | November 5, 2022November 5, 2022 by M.Ferris

Christian Nationalism is getting a lot of attention at present, and Stephen Wolfe’s The Case for Christian Nationalism is held forth by some as the most persuasive argument. There is simply too much in the book to comment on everything, but I will appraise the main arguments of the book. I want to begin by listing what I think Wolfe gets right. His assessment of the current state of things in the United States is…

Is the Office of Priest Found in the New Testament?

By M.Ferris | October 2, 2022October 2, 2022 by M.Ferris

From time to time I have posted comments about the nature of ministry in the New Testament. Some have difficulty accepting the idea of a non-hierarchical ministry, but when we look at the Scriptures, this is what we find. I summarize this by saying that the New Testament never refers to Christian ministers as priests; this is a title reserved for all the people of God (or for the Lord Jesus alone.) The truth of…